A. Foxtails are the seed-bearing parts of a number of grasses native to California. Dry seed heads are dangerous to our pets throughout the summer and early fall. The reason is that the foxtail has a sharp point and microscopic barbs at one end, so it works its way into the skin and cannot work its way out. They can become embedded in the skin, typically of the paws and ears, but even the nostrils and eyes. As they work their way in they cause infection. Foxtails have even been known to migrate into the brain, heart and lungs and cause potentially fatal problems.

The best way to protect your dog is to avoid foxtail infested areas. Brush and inspect your dog's coat after romping in any area with tall grasses. Pay particular attention to the areas between the pads of the feet and the inside of the ear flap. If you find a foxtail embedded in your dog, see your veterinarian, rather than attempting to remove it yourself. If you see your dog shaking his head or sneezing uncontrollably, that may indicate a foxtail is stuck in his ear or nose.

To see a picture of a foxtail and read a story about a shelter dog who was badly inflicted with one, go to our blog at http://www.eastbayspca.org/blog and navigate to July 08, 2006. Fortunately, Clementine, the 7-month-old Labrador retriever featured in that entry recovered completely and is now happily in a new home.

Q. In this heat, my cats seem to be very uncomfortable. How can I help them stay cool? Is it safe for them to stay in the house with no air conditioning on during the day?

A. Cats are generally not as prone to heat stress as dogs, probably because they intuitively seek out a cool spot in the house and limit their activity. As long as they are not restrained (for example, in a cat carrier) and they have access to fresh water, you should not have a problem leaving them in the house. Keeping a fan on for circulation, providing damp towels for kitties to lie on, and putting ice cubes in the water bowl may help them keep more comfortable.

Q. We have a vacation planned to the Grand Canyon this fall. We want to bring our two dogs. They have never traveled long distances. What do you recommend to make it easier on them (and on us).

A. Hopefully your dogs are accustomed to riding in the car. If not, start now. The more at ease they are with car travel, the safer and more comfortable they will be on a long trip. Whether or not you choose to crate them will depend on the size of your car and the dogs' comfort with riding. Only a very well-trained dog should be allowed to ride without at least a seat belt, for your safety and theirs. Harness-type seat belts for dogs are available at pet stores.

Before you depart, make sure your dogs' vaccinations are up-to-date and that you carry proof of vaccination with you, particularly for rabies. If they are not microchipped, that should be done as well. Our shelters, as well as most veterinarians, offer this service. Heartworm and flea preventative are also recommended for that part of the country.

For the car, an easily accessible container should be designated for leashes, collars, harnesses, food, medications, treats, toys, dishes, clean-up bags, and medical records (including pictures of the dogs). Bottled water, wet wipes and paper towels should be on hand.

On the trip, be sure to stop at least every four hours for potty and drink breaks. Keep the dogs on a leash at all times. If possible, keep them on their regular feeding schedule without any dietary changes. No fast food — for them, at least! When you get back into the car, a small dog treat will be a welcome reward for getting back on the road, and encourage them to jump in quickly the next time.

If you do your research beforehand you should have no trouble finding a place to stay that accommodates dogs. There are several books available at the bookstore or you can check out http://www.dogfriendly.com. Remember to always call first to confirm before you arrive with your dogs. Enjoy your trip.